Not all vegetable plants are planted in plots just because of the harvest. There are cultures that solve many problems at the same time. Among these vegetables are beans. Their fruits contain many active substances, therefore they are useful for the human body. And the plants themselves improve the structure of the soil and enrich it with easily assimilable nitrogen by about 80%. The root system of beans grows rapidly, forming dense thickets. In such conditions, weeds cannot grow, so beds with these vegetable plants do not have to weed.

Beans: growing and nursing outdoors

Russian beans are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and early maturity, 60-65 days after the appearance of the first shoots, a bountiful harvest can already be collected. How to grow beans at home and in the open field will be discussed below.

Selecting and preparing a landing site

Growing beans outdoors begins with site selection and preparation. For beans, the best place would be a bed of fertile and loose loam with a neutral reaction. If the soil in the garden is too acidic, then lime or dolomite flour should be added to it during digging in the fall.

Russian black beans can also be grown in nutrient-poor soil. But in this case, during their cultivation, it is necessary to ensure the introduction of potassium into the soil. This microelement helps to develop the root system of beans, promotes active growth of vegetative mass and abundant appearance of pods. If there is not enough potassium in the soil, then it is added when planting seeds or after the emergence of sprouts.

Legumes

Professional vegetable growers recommend adding wood ash and organic matter when preparing beds for this vegetable crop.

Important! For successful growth and fruiting, beans require a lot of sunlight, so the sunniest place in the garden is prepared for them.

The site should not be located in a lowland, where the ground is poorly warmed up by the sun's rays, cold water may accumulate after heavy rains, or groundwater comes too close to the surface. Wet sandy soil is also not suitable for these vegetables, as the seeds can simply rot under such conditions.

Before planting the beans in the soil, you should not apply fertilizers containing nitrogen, because Russian black beans do not react well to this trace element - they themselves produce it in sufficient quantities.

Preparing a place for beans at home

How to grow beans at home - this question is of interest to those who do not have garden plots, but want to eat fruits grown on their own. You can plant this culture at home both in spring and in winter, because you can always create the necessary conditions for growth and fruiting. The main thing is to provide the necessary conditions for the growth of this culture (necessary lighting, room temperature, irrigation schedule).

Bean seedlings

At home, you should prepare a loose nutrient soil containing all mineral elements except nitrogen. You can make such soil yourself, or you can buy a ready-made nutrient substrate in specialized stores.

Plant containers are placed on windowsills with good lighting throughout the day.

How to plant beans correctly

Planting a seed of beans in the country or in the house is easy, because it is large - when planting, it is easy to maintain the required distance between future shoots.As a result, the thickening of the plantings manifests itself only with a completely careless attitude to the sowing.

Beans are planted on the beds in the garden from the first ten days of April - when the snow melted and the earth warmed up to at least + 5 ° С.

On a note! Spring cold snaps are not terrible for this culture, since crops can withstand a drop in temperature to −3 ° C.

In the middle zone of our country, in the Urals and in Siberia, it is better to pre-grow seedlings in an apartment, and then transplant them into open ground in the second decade of May. In this case, planting of seed is carried out about a month before the intended transplantation to a permanent place.

  • When planting beans on beds, planting holes should be made at a distance of up to 0.4 m from each other, so that growing plants in the future do not interfere with each other's development.
  • For dwarf beans, the distance can be reduced to 20 cm. The row spacing must be at least 0.5 m.

Important! You can plant the beans after a certain amount of time. In this case, the crop will also ripen in stages.

It is best to plant this crop in a garden bed in 2 rows. With this method of planting, the crop yield will be higher, and it is easier to care for the plants.

It is best to plant this crop in a garden bed in 2 rows.

It should be noted that in 2018, favorable days for planting this vegetable plant in open ground: in April - 16,17,18, 21,22, in May - 19, 20, 23.

Agrotechnics

Beans how to grow this crop in the future? If the weather is dry, the topsoil should be regularly loosened after planting the seeds to break the crust that forms on the surface. At the same time, loosening interferes with the development of weeds, which can have time to grow in the early stages. After the emergence of shoots, the loosening procedure is repeated a couple of times: after the appearance of 3 permanent leaves and a week after the first harrowing. In the future, the beans will harden and the weeds will not be afraid of them.

To get a bountiful harvest, you need to regularly water and feed the bean bushes. As top dressing use:

  • superphosphate;
  • potassium salts;
  • ammonium nitrate.

Feeding legumes

Beans cultivation agricultural technology implies carrying out all the necessary procedures for planting and further care for these plants. You should also start the fight against diseases and pests in a timely manner.

It is required to regularly water, loosen the soil near the plants and in the aisles, and also apply additional fertilizing several times per season. When growing beans, agricultural technology is very important, since compliance with all procedures helps to properly grow this crop and get good yields.

Important! By the end of the growing season, the bushes are cut at the root, collected in sheaves and hung in the shed. This is how the pods "reach". After cutting, the root system can produce new shoots. Because of this, in the south of the country, they often get two crops of beans per season.

Answers to common questions

Asparagus - growing and nursing in the open field

Many vegetable growers are interested in whether beans help against moles. Experts answer that this method of struggle is ineffective, since moles will calmly bypass such an obstacle.

The benefits of this culture are different:

  • enrichment of soil with nitrogen and improvement of its composition;
  • beans are excellent green manure - after them other plants grow well;
  • beans contain easily digestible protein, a necessary set of amino acids, most of the vitamins that the human body needs.

This culture is also actively used in agricultural production - it is grown for use in feed for cattle.

The popularity of legumes in Russia is at a rather low level. Rare gardeners purposefully grow peas, lentils or beans in large quantities. And even more so, few people pay attention to beans. Meanwhile, this plant is very interesting and can provide many benefits.