Planting beans in open ground with seeds in your own garden, it would seem, is not difficult. But if you want to have tasty fruits and healthy bushes, you should devote at least a little time to the plant. How do green beans grow and how soon will the harvest be ripe? You should immediately decide on this and understand whether this variety is suitable for planting in the middle lane.

Features of legumes

Before purchasing seeds or seedlings, you need to decide which variety is more suitable. Basically, the choice depends on the purpose of using the legume. Some people use unripe beans, while others prefer to cook soups from beans.

The bush plant is divided into 3 types:

  • asparagus beans are very tasty, but the yield of a vegetable crop can only be preserved frozen;
  • shell beans (planting and care in the open field can be seen below). Only seeds can be used for food, which, when dried, retain their useful properties for several years;
  • semi-sugar beans. Young pods are eaten, but over time they harden, therefore they are suitable as planting material.

Planting beans

One home bean bush is completely different from another. Shrubs are of the following types:

  • curly;
  • bush;
  • upright;
  • annuals;
  • perennial;
  • vegetable;
  • decorative.

Green beans came to us from warm countries. Cultivation and care are not difficult, so even a beginner can cope with planting work. Beans actively grow and develop at above-zero temperatures. Seedlings are usually transplanted to a new place during the warm season - in the spring.

How to grow green beans in the country

How to plant beans? Several types of seeds can be sown on one bed. If you are planting dry planting material of a non-hybrid variety, you can leave the seeds for planting next year.

Preparing a site for planting beans

Serengeti beans

Beans are considered a fairly thermophilic crop, so they are planted in well-heated soil. In the Moscow region, the planting of legumes is carried out at the end of May or in the beginning of June. During this period, the plant receives just enough light. Now you should start preparing the soil before sowing. The soil should not contain too much nitrogen - this is the main condition for cultivating beans. Also, do not choose soil that is poorly permeable to water.

When and how to plant beans in open ground with seeds

It is better to choose sunny areas where the wind will not pick up.

According to the lunar calendar, beans are planted in spring. Legumes in one place can only be grown seasonally. You can return to the same hole no earlier than 3 years later.

For reference! If the soil is very poor and not rich in nutrients, beans can be grown in this area. And in subsequent seasons, in its place, the soil will be saturated with nitrogen and ready to accept vegetable crops.

In the fall, you need to dig up the garden and fertilize the soil. For these purposes, the following composition is perfect: half a bucket of compost, 1.5 tbsp. l. superphosphate and 1 tbsp. l. ash.

Landing in open ground

How to plant beans

Seed planting is carried out according to the scheme:

  1. It is necessary to observe the interval between rows (40-50 cm).
  2. There should be an interval of 20 cm between the pits.
  3. If the ground is hard, the seeds are planted 5 cm deep.To prevent the beans from suffering from night frosts, cover the bed with foil.

Planted beds can be covered with polyethylene. This will create a kind of greenhouse effect. Such a coating will transmit sunlight and retain heat.

Bean bush care

Ornamental beans

When the beans have already sprouted, the bushes should be sprinkled. For a curly look, you need to build a trellis or cords going from top to bottom.

Important! Do not take slippery materials to support the stems: plastic, metal, otherwise the wattle will slide off. Tall plants are suitable for these purposes: corn, sunflower.

For irrigation, take rainwater or settled. Moreover, its temperature should not differ from the surrounding air. Water from a well cannot be watered immediately, it is necessary for the water to heat up.

Bean sprout

Proper watering will help to get a rich harvest:

  • After planting the seeds, water once a week. The earth itself will tell you when she got drunk.
  • When the 5th leaf looks out, watering can be stopped.
  • After the flower appears, watering is resumed again.
  • Over time, you need to increase the amount of liquid and reduce the intervals between waterings.

Also, do not forget about regular feeding of the bushes. After the leaf appears, fertilization procedures begin. It is desirable if they are dominated by phosphorus. During the appearance of buds, you need to water the garden with a solution of potassium salt, and when the beans are formed, sprinkle each bush with ash.

Sprouted beans

Diseases and pests

Green beans

Beans and all legumes rarely get sick. Usually, if the plant is affected by something, then it has not received enough care. Soaking planting material in boric acid helps the development of immunity well. After harvesting and removing the bushes from the beds, the land is treated with Fitosporin. If lesions appear on a plant, then these shoots should be dug up and burned, and the soil under them should be treated with Bordeaux liquid.

Most often, beans are exposed to:

  • viral mosaic (dead areas appear on the leaves);
  • bacteriosis (all plants die, but the disease remains in the ground for a long time);
  • anthracnose (brown spots form on the leaves).

Beans attract a large number of pests. The larvae can be exterminated with insecticides. Before planting, it is necessary to carefully sort out the crops so as not to provoke the appearance of weevils. Only undamaged seeds should be planted in the soil. It is advisable to pre-treat them with boric acid.

How to harvest correctly

Both green pods and beans are harvested for human consumption. As early as 2 weeks after flowering, you can harvest the green beans. Harvesting is carried out in the morning, since during this period the pods begin to gain a large amount of moisture, which makes the beans juicy.

Harvesting

When the pods are dry, they are harvested. To begin with, cut the stems and hang them from the bottom in a dry room. After 2 weeks, the pods will burst and beans will fall out of there, which should be collected and placed in a jar for storing cereals.

Note! If everyone in the household likes the beans, they can be planted next year. Beans from the bottom of the shrub are ideal seeds.

Scientists have long noted that beans grow best in southern areas. If you plant seeds in June, you can harvest in September. When buying seed, it is better to choose varieties of local selection, so there is a chance that the plant will quickly adapt to this territory. It is also worth remembering that the grains must be soaked before planting, otherwise they will not germinate.

It is worth checking the watering of the plant. If the care is sufficient, then already in the middle of summer you can get a rich harvest of green pods, and before the onset of frost - useful beans.